Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Which event is considered a consequence of the Red Scare? The first anti-Communist alarm, or Red Scare, in the United States occurred between 1917 and 1920, precipitated by the events of World War I and the Bolshevik revolution in Russia. An official website of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, This page, Sacco & Vanzetti: The Red Scare of 19191920, is, Sacco & Vanzetti: The Red Scare of 19191920. What caused the First Red Scare? The information obtained by the FBI proved essential in high-profile legal cases, including the 1949 conviction of 12 prominent leaders of the American Communist Party on charges that they had advocated the overthrow of the government. C. ratify it with the change that the United States would not join the League of Nations. Mass.gov is a registered service mark of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Abuses of arrestees were routine: In Detroit, nearly 1,000 men were detained and starved for almost a week in a small area without windows on the top floor of the federal building. Palmer Raids - History Police raided locations like the Russian Peoples House in New York City, where Russian immigrants often gathered for educational purposes. An analogy shows the relationship between pairs of words. (Immigration). The First Amendment Encyclopedia, Middle Tennessee State University (accessed May 02, 2023). Please remove any contact information or personal data from your feedback. 1-86-NARA-NARA or 1-866-272-6272, Black History Records listed by Record Group Clusters, 64 soldiers convicted in the Camp Logan Mutiny, How to File a FOIA Request for Archival Records. What best describes the Red Scare? They were later transferred to Fort Wayne to be tortured during questioning. Red Scare | United States history [1919-1920] | Britannica In 1919, President Woodrow Wilson believed the Paris peace conference treaty. Senator Thomas Hardwick in Georgia. When that never materialized, his plans fell apart and he was subject to near-universal mockery. C. soldiers were safer from poisonous mustard gas closer to the ground. In New York City, killing two people. What was the Red Scare fear of and who were targeted? Copyright The most prominent exponent of black nationalism following World War I was. Mostregards(3)\overset{(3)}{\underline{\text{Most regards}}}Mostregards(3) him as one of history's greatest boxers. . Hagedorn, Ann. Bred out of Americans' nationalist fervor during the war, the Red Scare was a defensive societal response to the perceived spread of communist elements in the U.S. The fear turned to violence with the 1919 anarchist bombings, a series of bombs targeting law enforcement and government officials. The Red Scare got as close as 3-points, 72-69, after a four-point play by Ryan Mikesell. On January 2, 1920, the most spectacular of the Palmer Raids took place, when thousands of individuals (estimates vary between 3,000 and 10,000) were arrested in more than 30 cities. In Hartford, Connecticut, 100 men were held for five months, during which time they werent allowed lawyers and were not informed of the charges. The rounding up and deportation of several hundred immigrants of radical political views by the federal government in 1919 and 1920. As a result of the sinking of the British passenger liner Lusitania. Compare the Nazi philosophy of creating a New Order with the Japanese philosophy of Asia for the Asiatics. A lock icon ( C. the French government. The raids, fueled by social unrest following World War I, were led by Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer and are viewed as the climax of that eras so-called Red Scare. On June 2, 1919, a second series of bombings took place, destroying Palmers home and leading to increased public pressure for action against the radical agitators. We strive for accuracy and fairness. "McCarthyism and the Red Scare." The Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, which led many to fear that immigrants, particularly from Russia, southern Europe, and eastern Europe, intended to overthrow the United States government; The end of World War I, which caused production needs to decline and unemployment to rise. Racial Violence and the Red Summer | National Archives The words shown in blue below appear in "The Monkey's Paw." What was the government response to the First Red Scare? On December 21, 249 radicals, including anarchist Emma Goldman, were packed aboard the USS Buford, which the press dubbed the Soviet Ark, and deported to Russia. He contributed several articles to SAGE Publications. C. helped weaken public support in the United States for war. In 1949, the Soviet Union successfully tested a nuclear bomb and communist forces led by Mao Zedong (1893-1976) took control of China. E. None of the answers are correct. Post invalidated well over 1,500 deportations. Corrections? These arrests were mostly on Southern and Eastern Europeans. HISTORY.com works with a wide range of writers and editors to create accurate and informative content. Many years later Whitney was overruled by Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969). Palmers unfulfilled dire predictions of a May Day 1920 revolution destroyed his credibility with the public, diminishing the Red Scare and ending the Palmer Raids.