Hitler, knowing that military strength was necessary for his foreign policy and that antagonizing the generals could be fatal to himself, decided to sacrifice Rhm. The purge of the SA was kept secret until it was announced by Adolf Hitler on July 13. While Nazism was not exclusively or even primarily a working-class phenomenon, the SA fulfilled the yearning of many unemployed workers for class solidarity and nationalist fervour. , issuing the Act for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service on the 7 April 1933. If passed, the law would establish the conditions needed for dictatorial rule. The Gestapo arrested and later executed Papen's close associate Edgar Jung, the author of Papen's Marburg speech, and disposed of his body by dumping it in a ditch. Most officers are too old and have to be replaced by young ones. This night of brutal murder and elimination of the Sturm Abteilung (SA) gave Hitler the support of the army, which he need for both the creation of a totalitarian state and his future foreign policy and also relieved the pressures on Hitler. A combat veteran of World War I, Rhm had recently boasted that he would execute 12 men in retaliation for the killing of any stormtrooper. "[14], Despite such hostility between the brownshirts and the regular army, Blomberg and others in the military saw the SA as a source of raw recruits for an enlarged and revitalized army. More than a thousand high ranking SA officials (Hitler's militant Nazi storm troopers), including several of Hitler's oldest affiliates were . The Nazi Party used the atmosphere of panic to their advantage, encouraging anti-communism. With Hindenburg gone, there was no longer a limit to Hitlers power. The Nazis improvised. The primary instruments of Hitler's action, which carried out most of the killings, were the Schutzstaffel (SS) paramilitary force under Himmler and its Security Service (SD), and Gestapo (secret police) under Reinhard Heydrich. Ernst Rhm was murdered in the event known as the Rhm Putsch, or the Night of Long Knives. The first concentration camp, Dachau, opened in a broken-down munitions factory on the 20 March 1933, imprisoning primarily political prisoners. Plenary: Form a circle of 6-8 students and paraphrase passport everything you have learnt about the Night of the Long Knives. Germany feared revolution. "It was plain that there was wide acceptance of the deliberately misleading propaganda put out by the regime. 9. [72] In a speech given on 3 January 1935, at the Berlin State Opera, Hitler stated that Schleicher and Bredow had been shot "in error" on the basis of false information, and that their names were to be restored to the honour rolls of their regiments at once. As such, the Nazis consolidation of power relied on maintaining the illusion of a stable democracy. To make both of these impacts, Hitler had to overcome many hard . Gring alone had over a thousand people arrested. Shortly after Hindenburgs death, Hitler announced that offices of the chancellor and the president were to be combined to create one position, the Fhrer and chancellor. and The elections were neither free or fair. , On the 30 January 1933 Hitler was appointed as chancellor of the Weimar Republic. If that was indeed true then, as a legal matter, the law was entirely unnecessary and redundant. [76], According to Albert Speer, "the Right, represented by the President, the Minister of Justice, and the generals, lined up behind Hitler the strong left wing of the party, represented chiefly by the SA, was eliminated. Dachau Goebbels became responsible for controlling the national media, film, theatre, arts, and other cultural aspects. retrospectively Despite his earlier agreement with Hitler, Rhm still clung to his vision of a new German army with the SA at its core. Not content solely with the leadership of the SA, Rhm lobbied Hitler to appoint him Minister of Defence, a position held by the conservative General Werner von Blomberg. [24] Before Hitler left, and at the request of Presidential State Secretary Otto Meiner, Foreign Minister Baron Konstantin von Neurath ordered the German Ambassador to Italy Ulrich von Hassell without Hitler's knowledge to ask Mussolini to tell Hitler that the SA was blackening Germany's good name. This new law gave Hitler the power to rule by decree rather than passing laws through the Reichstag and the president.
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